There are some root causes for the floating population in the early years of the Qing dynasty. They are the annexation of land by the landlord class, famine and the ravages of war.

清初流民潮有着深刻的社会根源，即地主阶级兼并土地、灾荒饥馑与兵燹。

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And even after the guns of war fall silent, the ravages of war will continue.

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Though "extremely proud" to be part of history, Safferstein was not impervious to the ravages of war.

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As such it is bound to do its utmost to safeguard this heritage from the ravages of war.

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